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Syndactyly (from Greek s??- = “together” plus da?t???? = “finger”) is a condition where two or more digits are fused together. It occurs normally in some mammals, such as the siamang but is an unusual condition in humans.
Syndactyly can be simple or complex.
Syndactyly can be complete or incomplete.
Complicated syndactyly occurs as part of a syndrome (such as Apert’s syndrome) and typically involves more digits and with complex syndactyly.
Fenestrated syndactyly means the skin is joined for most of the digit but in a proximal area there is gap in the syndactyly with normal skin. This type of syndactyly is found in amniotic band syndrome.
Simple syndactyly can be full or partial, and is present at birth (congenital). In early human fetal development, webbing (syndactyly) of the toes and fingers is normal. At about 16 weeks of gestation, apoptosis takes place and an enzyme dissolves the tissue between the fingers and toes, and the webbing disappears. In some fetuses, this process does not occur completely between all fingers or toes and some residual webbing remains.
Five types[1] of syndactyly have been identified in humans. The corresponding loci associated with these types and their common phenotypical expression are as follows:
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