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Purpura (from the Latin, purpura, meaning “purple”) is the appearance of red or purple discolorations on the skin that do not blanch on applying pressure. They are caused by bleeding underneath the skin. Purpura measure 0.3-1 cm, whereas petechiae measure less than 3 mm, and ecchymoses greater than 1 cm[1].
This is common with typhus and can be present with meningitis caused by meningococcal meningitis or septicaemia.
Purpura is a common and unspecific medical sign, however the underlying mechanism commonly involves one of the following:
There are also cases of psychogenic purpura described in the medical literature,[2] some claimed to be due to “autoerythrocyte sensitization.” Other studies[3] suggest, that local (cutaneous) activity of tPA can be increased in psychogenic purpura, leading to substantial amounts of localized plasmin activity, rapid degradation of fibrin clots, and resultant bleeding. Petechial rash is also characteristic of a rickettsial infection.
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