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Amelogenesis is the formation of enamel on teeth and occurs during the crown stage of tooth development after dentinogenesis, which is the formation of dentine. Since dentine must be present for enamel to be formed, this prerequisite is an example of the biologic concept, termed reciprocal induction.
Amelogenesis is considered to have two stages. The first stage is known as the secretory phase, and the second stage is known as the maturation stage. Proteins and an organic matrix form a partially mineralized enamel in the secretory stage. The maturation stage completes enamel mineralization.
Ameloblast differentiation is initiated by the presence of predentin. IDE cells elongate and become preameloblasts.
A shift in polarity occurs. Preameloblasts elongate and become postmitotic, polarized, secretory ameloblasts. No tomes’ process yet.
Secretory stage ameloblasts are polarized, elongated cells with the cytoplasm full of organelles. Ameloblasts secrete organic matrix: enamel proteins and enzymes.
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